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''R'' is the ratio of the hadronic cross section to the muon cross section in electron–positron collisions: : where the superscript (0) indicates that the cross section has been corrected for initial state radiation. ''R'' is an important input in the calculation of the anomalous magnetic dipole moment.〔(S. Eidelman and F. Jegerlehner, Z. Phys. C67 585 (1995). )〕 Experimental values have been measured for center-of-mass energies from 400 MeV to 150 GeV.〔W.-M. Yao et al., J. Phys. G 33, 1 (2006) Section 40〕 ''R'' also provides experimental confirmation of the electric charge of quarks, in particular the charm quark and bottom quark, and the existence of three quark colors.〔W.-M. Yao et al., J. Phys. G 33, 1 (2006) Section 9.7〕 A simplified calculation of ''R'' yields : where the sum is over all quark flavors with mass less than the beam energy. ''eq'' is the electric charge of the quark, and the factor of 3 accounts for the three colors of the quarks. QCD corrections to this formula have been calculated.〔S.G. Gorishny ''et al.'', Phys. Lett. B259 144 (1991)〕 == Notes == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「R (cross section ratio)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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